Salt-grainer



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, No. 430,332. Patented June 17, 18940.

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NATHAN S. BEARDSLEE, OF WARSAI, NEW YORK.

SALT-G RAIN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 430,332, dated J' une1'?, 1890.

Application led February 28, 1889. Serial No. 301,450. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, NATHAN S. BEARDSLEE, residing at IVarsaw, in thecounty of lVyoming and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Salt- Grainers, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to grainers for saltmaking, and is speciallyintended to make a grainer which shall be durable, and in which puresalt may be produced without deterioration.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of partsconstituting` the devlce.

Figure l is a cross-section of a grainer. Fig. 2 is an enlarged view inthe nature of a partial cross-section near the end of the grainer. Fig.3 is a broken face view of a broken part of the side lining andholdingscrew.

A indicates the framing of a wooden grainer; B B, the bottom planks, andC Othe side planks, of the grainer-trough.

The planks B O form the casing of a long shallow trough, which troughcontains a number of steam-pipes D D, preferably running lengthwise ofthe trough, the pipes O being sustained by hangers E from the top timberA of the framing. The top timber A supports the runway G G, which iscomposed of planks extending lengthwise of the trough. The inside of thetrough is lined with alayer of cement I-such as Portland or othersimilar water-proof cement-preferably about an inch in thickness. Abottom lining K, cornposed of slabs of sawed stone, is placed inside thewooden grainer-trough with the coating or layer of cement interposed.The stone slabs K are similar to nag-stones, except that they are sawedtrue and even on both surfaces. The meeting edges of the slabs formingthe lining of the grainer are grooved, as shown at L, and the groovesare filled with cement, the cement thus firmly sealing the joints, andalso serving to key the slabs together.

The stone slabs K', forming the lining of the sides of the grainer,extend between the edges of the bottom slabs K and the sides of thegrainer and are thus firmly held in place at their lower edges. Theupper edges of the slabs have holes or notches cut therein, and alag-screw M passes through each hole or notch and enters the side planksO. A washer O may be interposed between the head of the screw and thestone slab.

The runway G is supported on top of the cross-timbers of the grainer inthe usual manner, and receives the salt when raked out of the grainer.

Salt-grainers constructed of planking have been known for many years.These are simply large shallow troughs having steam-pipes inside. Saltbrine is put into these troughs and maintained at a high temperature,usually about 220". rlhe brine in such case is absorbed by the wood, andthe wood warps, cracks, and becomes discolored and appears as ifcharred. In raking the salt from the grainers splinters of Wood aremixed with the salt, and in an old grainer the salt is muchdeteriorated. Metallic linings have been tried; but the brine rusts themetal and the salt is discolored.

The stone lining to my grainer can be kept clean and does not injure thesalt. The cement-coating interposed between the stone slabs and theplanks of the grainer serves not only to make the lining water-proof,but is also a good non-conductor, and prevents loss of heat byradiation.

The entire structure, made up asit is of an outer box of wood, a layerof cementneXt the wood, and a lining of sawed stone slabs, makes a veryexcellent grainer, which is durable, water-proof, and economical of fuelby reason of its non-conducting qualities. I have used such a grainerand find agreat improvement in the quality of the salt manufacturedtherein over that of any other grainer with which I am familiar; andWhile the first cost of such grainer is greater than thatof a plainwooden or metal lined grainer, I believe that owing to greatly-increaseddurability, and especially to the economy of fuel due to itsnonconducting qualities, the relative cost is greatly in favor of myimproved grainer.

I clairnl. In a salt-grainer, the combination of the outer casing ortrough of Wood, the interposed layer of cement, the inner lining ofstone slabs grooved at their meeting edges, as

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described, and the key or fastening of cement which enters said groovesand locks the slabs in position, substantially as described.

2. A s3ltgrainer consisting of an outer casing of Wood constituting a.trough, an inner lining of stone slabs attached to the Wood by suitablefastenings, substantially as described, an interposed packing or layerof cement, and heating-pipes inside the grainer suspended from the top,so as to be out of 1o Contact with the stone lining, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof Iafx my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

NATHAN S. BEARDSLEE. Witnesses:

WILLIAM BRIsToL, F. J. I-IUMPHREY.

